John kirkman



J. KIRKMAN.

Manufacture of Candles.

No; 1,844. Patented Oct. 31, 1840.

N. PETERS. Fhoto-Lkhognphar. Washington. 0. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN KIRKMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MODE 0F PREPARING TALLOW FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,844, dated October 31, 1840; Antedated July 2, 1840.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN KIRKMAN, of the city, county, and State of New York, tallow-chandler, have discovered a new and useful art and manufacture called a method of preparing tallow for hard candles in the warmest weather by separating the oil therefrom without pressing, of which the following is a full and exact description.

Provide a cask or vat as A in the above drawing of any convenient size and at a suitable short distance from the bottom fix by means of a ledge or pins or any convenient support a false bottom as B perforated with holes as many as practicable. Then pierce the cask or vat at a place below the false bottom as at D and insert a spigot or faucet as C. Place a tub or vessel under the faucet to receive the oil and the apparatus is complete. Boil the tallow in the usual way and after it has settled and while it is hot pour into the cask A sufficient water only to cover the false bottom B and then fill up the cask with the warm tallow. The tallow being kept at an equable temperature so as not to chill will in the course of twenty-four hours or thereabouts begin to seed or grain and as soon as it is seeded or grained, draw off the water at the tap or faucet and the oil will follow. run off as long as it will and the tallow will be left dry in the cask and may be taken out from the top ready for use.

In this process about one third of the tallow will run off in oil and the tallow thus prepared will make as hard candles as and possess all the advantages of pressed tallow and stand the warmest climate and can be made as well in the warmest as in cold weather without the expense of a press and of the labor to work it.

What I claim as my discovery and invention is The method of separating the oily part of the tallow by means of setting the mass of tallow over water as above described and drawing off the water and oil from the bottom.

In testimony whereof I the said JOHN KIRKMAN have hereto subscribed my name in the presence of the witnesses who attest on this twenty-seventh day of June one thousand eight hundred and forty.

JOHN KIRKMAN.

\Vitnesses ROBERT DODGE,

A. S. DODGE.

Let the oil 

